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Compare Spratly Islands (2008) - American Samoa (2001)

Compare Spratly Islands (2008) z American Samoa (2001)

 Spratly Islands (2008)American Samoa (2001)
 Spratly IslandsAmerican Samoa
Administrative divisions - none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western
Age structure - 0-14 years:
38.44% (male 13,278; female 12,512)

15-64 years:
56.57% (male 18,784; female 19,163)

65 years and over:
4.99% (male 1,779; female 1,568) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Airports 3 (2007) 4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)		 total:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)		 total:
2

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Area total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea		 total:
199 sq km

land:
199 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Area - comparative NA slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim. Settled as early as 1000 B. C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Birth rate - 24.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)

expenditures:
$127 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY96/97)
Capital - Pago Pago
Climate tropical tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 926 km 116 km
Constitution - ratified 1966, in effect 1967
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands		 conventional long form:
Territory of American Samoa

conventional short form:
American Samoa

abbreviation:
AS
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 4.31 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status - unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands none
Economic aid - recipient - important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed. This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts the great bulk of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism, a developing sector, has been held back by the recurring financial difficulties in East Asia.
Electricity - consumption - 120.9 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 130 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Lata 966 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines
Ethnic groups - Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5%
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state:
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)

head of government:
Governor Tauese P. SUNIA (since 3 January 1997) and Lieutenant Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 3 January 1997)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
Tauese P. SUNIA reelected governor; percent of vote - Tauese P. SUNIA (Democrat) 50.7%, Lealaifuaneva Peter REID (independent) 47.8%
Exports - $500 million (1998)
Exports - commodities - canned tuna 93%
Exports - partners - US 99.6%
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description - blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
GDP - purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 8 38 N, 111 55 E 14 20 S, 170 00 W
Geography - note strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
Heliports 3 (2007) -
Highways - total:
350 km

paved:
150 km

unpaved:
200 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $471 million (1996)
Imports - commodities - materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6%
Imports - partners - US 62%, Japan 9%, NZ 7%, Australia 11%, Fiji 4%, other 7%
Independence - none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tuna canneries (largely dependent on foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - 10.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - ESCAP (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Labor force - 14,000 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation - government 33%, tuna canneries 34%, other 33% (1990)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land:
5%

permanent crops:
10%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
70%

other:
15% (1993 est.)
Languages - Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English

note:
most people are bilingual
Legal system - NA
Legislative branch - bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)

elections:
House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - only independents elected

note:
American Samoa elects one delegate to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate for a sixth term
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
75.32 years

male:
70.89 years

female:
80.02 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
98%

female:
97% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims NA exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam defense is the responsibility of the US
National holiday - Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Nationality - noun:
American Samoan(s)

adjective:
American Samoan
Natural hazards typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard typhoons common from December to March
Natural resources fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential pumice, pumicite
Net migration rate - 3.58 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states		 67,084 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 2.42% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 57,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.13 male(s)/female

total population:
1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
NA

domestic:
good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 13,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 2,550 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (1997)
Terrain flat five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Total fertility rate - 3.5 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 16% (1993)
Waterways - none
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